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As your pet grows and graduates from one stage of life to the next, their dietary needs will change as well.
As a puppy or kitten, your pet grows quickly and needs higher amounts of nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Consequently, puppy and kitten foods are usually packed with calories to help keep up with the fast-burning metabolism of young animals.
However, once your pet reaches maturity, they no longer need quite so many calories and nutrients. In fact, an adult pet eating food meant for puppies or kittens will become overweight rather quickly. So once your pet has reached their full growth, transitioning them to an appropriate adult diet is best.
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Just like people, your pet's metabolism will keep slowing with age. So when your pet becomes a senior, they will need food with even fewer calories. Most senior food achieves this by reducing carbohydrates and increasing the fiber content in the food. That way your pet still feels full even though they are eating less calories.
Many senior foods are also fortified with additional nutrients and supplements that support senior health. For example, fatty acids, like the ones found in fish oils, help maintain joint, coat and heart health. Meanwhile, antioxidants reduce the normal brain deterioration that occurs because of aging.