Reverse Sneeze in Dogs

What is reverse sneezing?

Reverse sneezing, also known as paroxysmal respiration, is a condition in which a dog rapidly pulls air in through their nose—the reverse of a regular sneeze, in which air is rapidly pushed out through the nose. The dog makes a loud snorting sound and seems to be trying to inhale while sneezing.

Although it can be alarming to see your dog reverse sneezing, occasional episodes are usually harmless. The dog is typically normal before and after the episode. During a reverse sneezing episode, the dog takes repeated, forceful breaths inward, stands still, and extends their head and neck. Most episodes last from a few seconds to a minute.

What causes a reverse sneeze?

The exact cause of a reverse sneeze is often unknown. Any irritation to the nose, sinuses, or back of the throat can trigger an episode of reverse sneezing. Possible triggers and underlying causes include nasal mites, secretions, foreign bodies such as seeds or grasses, pollen, allergies, smoke, odors, masses, or an elongated soft palate. Smaller dogs and brachycephalic (flat-faced) breeds, such as pugs or bulldogs, and tend to be more affected.

How is a reverse sneeze diagnosed?

The diagnosis is based on your dog’s medical history and clinical signs. Your veterinarian will rule out other causes of abnormal breathing and snorting, such as an upper respiratory tract infection, collapsing trachea, nasal tumors or polyps, and foreign bodies in the nasal passages or mouth. In some cases, your veterinarian may recommend blood tests, allergy tests, or radiographs (X-rays) to rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms.

How is reverse sneezing treated?

Most cases of reverse sneezing require no medical treatment. If your dog has an episode, gently stroke their neck or head to help calm them. Offering something to lick or drink may encourage swallowing and help clear a possible irritant. 

The episode usually ends on its own, and your dog resumes normal breathing. It is very rare for dogs to develop any complications or suffer any risk during these attacks. In certain cases, your veterinarian may prescribe anti-inflammatory, antihistamine, or decongestant medications to help your dog's condition.